Enhanced human enterovirus 71 infection by endocytosis inhibitors reveals multiple entry pathways by enterovirus causing hand-foot-and-mouth diseases

Background Human enterovirus 71(EV71) was previously known to enter cells through clathrinor caveolar mediated endocytic pathways. However, we observed chlorpromazine(CPZ) or dynasore (DNS), which inhibit clathrinand dynaminmediated endocytosis, did not suppress EV71 cell entry in particular cell types. So the current knowledge of entry mechanisms by EV71 is not complete.