Self-efficacy Mediates the Relationship between Balance/Walking Performance, Activity, and Participation after Stroke

Background: Many outcome measures (OM) that assess individuals’ ability or beliefs in their ability to perform tasks exist to evaluate activity and participation after stroke; however, the relationship between various OM and activity/participation is unclear.Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between different OM and activity and participation in people after stroke.Methods: Fifty-nine subjects post stroke participated in an assessment including self-selected walking speed, 6 minute walk test, Timed “Up and Go” test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Gait Assessment, Walk 12, and Activity-specific Balance Confidence Scale. Step Watch Activity Monitoring (SAM) was used as a measure of activity and Stroke Impact Scale-Participation (SIS-P) as a measure of participation. Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed including all measures except SAM and SIS-P. Two factors were extracted and termed performance based (PB) and self-efficacy (SE). A path analysis assessed the role of ...