Un-DRESSing Lithium: A Pediatric Case of Lithium Induced Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

Introduction: Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome represents a severe, autoimmune mediated drug reaction that requires emergent medical attention and treatment. However, making the clinical diagnosis and identifying the offending agent can be challenging. The estimation of occurrence varies from 1 in 1000 to 1 in 10,000 and is most commonly associated with anticonvulsants, even in the pediatric population. While severe, the variable clinical presentation, late onset, and infrequent complication of common therapies, makes diagnosis difficult and may delay appropriate treatment. Lithium is …