Pollen and lipid analysis of coprolites from Yuhuicun and Houtieying, China: Implications for human habitats and diets

Abstract Sixteen coprolites from the Chinese Neolithic sites of Yuhuicun and Houtieying, Anhui Province, were analysed for pollen and lipid biomarkers. Steroid compounds provide evidence that the excrements originated from dogs and humans. Distribution patterns of n-alkanes and n-fatty alcohols indicate three sources: microorganisms, animal fats and plant wax lipids, further related to intestinal microbes, animal- and plant-derived food. Extremely high frequencies of Quercus pollen may refer to seasonal habitat for hunting activities with the assistance of dogs. High proportions of miliacin point to the consumption of millets.