Fulminant Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in a renal transplant patient and review of the literature.
2016
We describe a rare fulminant case of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) in a 37-year old female renal transplant patient, indistinguishable from severe sepsis clinically and in the laboratory. HPS involves rapidly escalating immune system activation, resulting in a cytokine cascade, which can, especially in immunocompromised patients, lead to multi-organ failure, and even death. Thirty-two herpesviridae-associated HPS cases in renal transplant patients have been reported and are reviewed. Overall mortality is 47% (15/32 cases).
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