Comparison of Growth Parameters, Apgar Scores, the Blood Zinc, Magnesium, Calcium and Phosphorus between Gestational Diabetic and Non-diabetic Pregnant Women

Background: Due to little attention to the combined effect of diabetes and pregnancy on mother an infant's microelements in literatures. This study aimed to compare newborns growth parameters, Apgar score, the cord bloodzinc, magnesium, calcium and phosphor between pregnant women with and without gestational diabetesmellitus. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort studywas conducted in Hamadan city, Iran, during 2013-14. Gestational diabetesconsidered as exposure and 20 women with gestational diabeteswere individually matched with the 20 non-diabetic pregnant women in terms of the variables age, number of pregnancies, and type of delivery were included in this study. The cord bloodand mother vein blood samples were taken immediately after delivery. Results: The mean of newborn's head circumference was 34.85±0.9 cm and 33.90±0.97 cm in mothers with gestational diabetesand non- diabetic mothers respectively (P<0.05). The mean of cord bloodcalcium was 9.81±0.6 mg/dl in the exposed group and 10.23±0.4 mg/dl in the control group (P<0.05) and these figures for zinc were 79.05±13.1 mg/dl in the exposed group and 86.96±11.6 mg/dl in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: This prospective cohort studyshowed the imbalance of some micronutrient in cord bloodof mothers with gestational diabetesin comparison to non-diabetic mothers. Therefore in pregnant women with gestational diabetesshould be more attention to be paid the concentrations of microelements.