Chitosan Oligosaccharide Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
2019
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a global epidemic, and there is no standard and efficient therapy for it. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is widely known to have various biological effects, and in this study we aimed to evaluate the liver-protective effect in
diet-induced obesemice for an enzymatically digested product of COS called COS23 which is mainly composed of dimers and trimers. An integrated analysis of the
lipidomeand gut microbiome were performed to assess the effects of COS23 on lipids in plasma and the liver as well as on intestinal microbiota. Our results revealed that COS23 obviously attenuated hepatic steatosis and ameliorated liver injury in
diet-induced obesemice. The hepatic toxic lipids—especially triglycerides (TGs) and free fatty acids (FFAs)—were decreased dramatically after COS23 treatment. COS23 regulated lipid-related pathways, especially inhibiting the expressions of FFA-synthesis-related genes and inflammation-related genes. Furthermore, COS23 could alter lipid profiles in plasma. More importantly, COS23 also decreased the abundance of
Mucispirillumand increased the abundance of
Coprococcusin gut microbiota and protected the intestinal barrier by up-regulating the expression of
tight-junction-related genes. In conclusion, COS23, an enzymatically digested product of COS, might serve as a promising candidate in the clinical treatment of NAFLD.
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