Chiral ionic liquids, a renewal for the chemistry of chiral solvents? Design, synthesis and applications for chiral recognition and asymmetric synthesis

Chiralionic solvents were almost unexplored before the last five years. This field which is of increasing importance could constitute a renewal for the chemistry of chiralsolvents. So far reported examples are designed either from the chiralpool (aminoacids, hydroxyacids, amines, aminoalcohols, terpenesand alkaloids) or by asymmetric synthesis; they can bear central, axial or planar chirality. Modern applications in asymmetric synthesis, enzymatic chemistry, chiralchromatography and NMR are surveyed. Their use in the field of liquid crystals and for stereoselective polymerisation are also discussed. At the end of the article, a series of tables is compiled including all the CILs described to date and their physical properties.