Oxidative stress in human due to metallic traceselements bioconcentration in three coastal villagesnear phosphate treatment factory in Togo

Human contamination by toxic heavy metals, due to pollution by phosphate waste rejection from SNPT factory in Kpeme, concern also the neighbouring villages. Through this study, we wanted to determine the level of the bioaccumulation of cadmium and lead and its impact on human oxidative stress in three villages near Kpeme. The quantity of Cd and lead in human blood were determined in Gbodjome (control area), Agbodrafo, Goumoukope and Aneho (neighbouring villages of the factory) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, as well as some biomarkers of oxidative stress (MDA and FRAP). The results show human contamination by heavy metals, causing a lipid peroxydation and a decrease of Ferric Reducing Activity of Plasma. The contents of lead in blood were more important in relation to those of the cadmium. The concentrations variation was as follows: 87.27 ± 12.57 μg/L to 327.88 ± 32.13 μg/L for lead and 01.01 ± 0.11 μg/L to 11.68 ± 2.38 μg/L for cadmium. Generally speaking, the heavy metals contents in the blood and the lipids peroxidation were significantly more important in Agbodrafo, Goumoukope and Aneho areas in relation to Gbodjome area (P E‚ 0.0001). The antioxidant power of the blood plasma was on the contrary significantly lower in the pollution area in relation to the control area (P E‚ 0.0001). It results of this study that environment pollution caused by SNPT factory affects as well surrounding villages’ populations.