The in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of electrospun recombinant spider silk protein/PCL/gelatin for small caliber vascular tissue engineering scaffolds
2018
Abstract Recombinant
spider silkprotein (pNSR32) and gelatin (Gt) were demonstrated to enhance cytocompatibility of electrospun pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffold. However, its potential pro-inflammatory effects and interactions with tissue and blood are unknown. In this study, the physicochemical properties and in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of such
scaffoldswere evaluated. The results showed that the pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffoldpossessed larger average fiber diameters, wider fiber diameter distribution and faster degradation rate than that of pNSR32/PCL and PCL
scaffolds. The addition of pNSR32 and Gt had little influence on the hemolysis and plasma re-calcification time, but prolonged kinetic
clotting timeand reduced the
platelet adhesion. The Il-6 and Tnf-α mRNA expression levels were up-regulated in macrophages seeded on the PCL and pNSR32/PCL
scaffolds. The lowest release of IL-6 and TNF-α appeared in the pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffold. Histological results revealed that the PCL and pNSR32/PCL
scaffoldselicited severe host tissue responses after implantation, while prominent ingrowth of host cells were observed in the pNSR32/PCL and pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffolds. The
comet assayand bone marrow
micronucleustest demonstrated that the pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffolddid not increase the frequency of DNA damage or bone marrow
micronucleus. In short, this study confirmed that the pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffoldexhibited better blood and tissue compatibility than pNSR32/PCL and PCL
scaffolds. No induction of genotoxicity and inflammatory factor releases makes the pNSR32/PCL/Gt
scaffolda good candidate for engineering small diameter
vascular tissue.
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