Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the thigh
2017
Tenosynovial giant cell tumors(TGCT) are a group of generally benign intra-articular and soft tissue tumors with common histological features. TGCT is also known as
pigmented villonodular synovitis. There are localized and diffuse forms. Localized types include
giant celltumors of
tendon sheathand localized
pigmented villonodular synovitis, whereas diffuse types encompass conventional
pigmented villonodular synovitisand diffuse type
giant celltumor. Localized tumors are generally indolent, whereas diffuse tumors are locally aggressive. In this article, we report the case of a diffuse-type extra-articular TGCT found in the left
thighof a 73-year-old woman who presented with a painless but gradually progressive swelling in the left
thighsince eighteen months. On examination, there was a soft cystic swelling measuring 22 cm. The swelling was fixed to the underlying soft tissues. She had a Computed Tomography scan of the left
thighshowing a mass of fluid density, well encapsulated between the muscles of the
thigh, measuring 20x10 cm of major axes, compressing the
femoral vesselswithout invading them. The patient had a complete marginal resection of the tumor. The immune-histopathological findings were consistent with those of a diffuse type of
Giant CellTenosynovial Tumor. At 18 months follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic with no evidence of disease recurrence. The extra-articular diffuse type TGCT is more aggressive than the localized type. Although these tumors are benign in the majority of cases, malignant transformation has been reported. Therefore, close follow-up is recommended after tumor excision.
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