Single particle characterization and total elemental concentration measurements in polar ice using CFA-icpTOF

Continuous flow analysis (CFA) has become widely used for the measurement of aerosol-derived impurities in ice coresamples resulting in high-resolution data sets of past aerosol deposition. Here we present firstresults from coupling an inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ICP-TOFMS) to a traditional CFA system. This setup enables the measurement of exactly co-registered elemental concentrations over the full mass range without degradation of sensitivity with increasing number of analytes. The resulting total elemental concentration records have similar or better resolution than the established spectrophotometric methods. The unique capability of a TOFMS to measure fast transient signals and to still cover the full mass range furthermore enables the detection of the ionization of individual insoluble particles entering the plasma. The resulting mass spectra of the particles can be used to investigate the relative elemental composition of the mineral dustparticles preserved in the...