Prevalence and time course of post-stroke pain: A multicenter prospective hospital-based study

Objective. Pain prevalence data for patients at various stages after stroke. Design. Repeated cross-sectional, observational epidemiological study. Setting. Hospital-based multicenter study. Subjects. Four hundred forty-three prospectively enrolled strokesurvivors. Methods. All patients underwent bedside clinical examination. The different types of post- strokepain ( central post-stroke pain, musculoskeletal pains, shoulder pain, spasticity-related pain, and headache) were diagnosed with widely accepted criteria during the acute, subacute, and chronic strokestages. Differences among the three stages were analyzed with χ2-tests. Results. The mean overall prevalence of pain was 29.56% (14.06% in the acute, 42.73% in the subacute, and 31.90% in the chronic post- strokestage). Time course differed significantly according to the various pain types ( P  < 0.001). The prevalence of musculoskeletal and shoulder pain was higher in the subacute and chronic than in the acute stages after stroke; the prevalence of spasticity-related pain peaked in the chronic stage. Conversely, headache manifested in the acute post- strokestage. The prevalence of central post-stroke painwas higher in the subacute and chronic than in the acute post- strokestage. Fewer than 25% of the patients with central post-stroke painreceived drug treatment. Conclusions. Pain after strokeis more frequent in the subacute and chronic phase than in the acute phase, but it is still largely undertreated.