Ketogenic Diet, Inflammation, and Epilepsy

Ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate metabolic intervention that has been in use for the treatment of epilepsy for almost a hundred years. This metabolic intervention affects epilepsy through multiple mechanisms, which combine to exert potent anti-inflammatory activity. Thereby, ketogenic diet not only affects seizures per se but also has the potential to attenuate or prevent the development of epilepsy and its progression. This chapter will focus on novel disease-modifying properties of ketogenic diet therapy and will discuss therapeutic challenges and opportunities.