The CO2 Geologic Storage (CGS) Technology Development Experience: Applications to Oil and Gas Reservoir Management and Subsurface Integrity (SSI)

Geological CO2 storage (GCS) as a GHG mitigation technology has advanced from a concept in the late 1980s to the present-day where dozens of field projects have been concluded and several “commercial” scale projects are currently operating or under construction. In the intervening period, R&D programs have focused on addressing stakeholder concerns, particularly around operational and long-term (post-closure) HSE assurance. Earlier efforts to lend credence to GCS assurance entailed leveraging of oil and gas (O&G) industry technology, particularly CO2 EOR, acid gas injection and natural gas storage. Subsequent and ongoing modelling, simulation, experiments and field test results have advanced GCS subsurface workflow and technology elements to the point where they can be leveraged back to O&G exploration and production (E&P) efficiency including reservoir management (RM) linked to subsurface integrity (SSI), thus “returning the favour”.