Transcriptional regulation of inflammasome-associated pattern recognition receptors, and the relevance to disease pathogenesis
2017
Over the last decade it has emerged that
inflammasomecomplexes provide a pivotal platform for the host
innate immune systemto respond to exogenous infectious microbes (viruses, bacteria, fungi) and non-infectious
environmental agents(cigarette smoke, pollution), as well as endogenous “danger” signals. Upon the canonical activation of
inflammasomes, a key effector function is to catalyze, via
caspase-1, the maturation of the potent pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, which, in addition to chronic inflammatory responses have also been intimately linked to the inflammatory form of lytic cell death,
pyroptosis. However, recent evidence suggests that
inflammasomesexhibit marked pleiotropism beyond their canonical functions, whereby their activation can also influence a large number of cellular responses including proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and metabolism. It is therefore not surprising that the dysregulated expression and/or activation of
inflammasomesis increasingly implicated in numerous disease states, such as chronic auto-inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. In this review we will highlight recent advancements in our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding
inflammasome-associated innate immune receptors, and the impact on a variety of cellular responses during disease pathogenesis.
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