Burnout Among Hospital Non-Healthcare Staff: Influence of Job-Demand-Control Support, and Effort-Reward Imbalance.

OBJECTIVES To study the prevalence of burnout among non-health care workers (NHCW), the risk and protective factors and to quantify the risk of burnout. METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional study on the 3142 NHCW of the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand. They received a self-assessment questionnaire. RESULTS 437 (13.9%) NHCW completed the questionnaires. More than three quarter (75.4%) of NHCW was in burnout, with one in five (18.7%) having a severe burnout. Job demand was the main factor explaining the increase in exhaustion and overinvestment was the main factor explaining the increase in cynicism. Effort-Reward imbalance (ERI) multiplied the risk of severe burnout by 11.2, job strain by 3.32 and isostrain by 3.74. CONCLUSION NHCW from hospital staff are at high risk of burnout. The two major models of stress at work, the Job Demand-Control (JDCS) and the ERI, were highly predictive of burnout, with strong dose-response relationships.