Phase II trial of temozolomide (TMZ) followed by myeloablative chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell rescue (APBPCR) for newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendroglioma: An Oligodendroglioma Study Group trial

2055 Background: Treatment of anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) and anaplastic oligoastrocytomas (AOA) is controversial. Radiotherapy (RT) remains the standard therapy, but not without toxicity. Exploiting the chemosensitivity of these tumors using myeloablative chemotherapy with APBPCR is a potential strategy to defer RT. We previously reported results using induction PCV chemotherapy; subsequently the induction regimen was changed to temozolomide (TMZ) which is reported here. Methods: Patients were treated with six cycles of TMZ at 200mg/m2 on standard 5/28 day schedule. MRI was performed after three cycles and then after six cycles. Patients with surgical gross total resection who maintained response or patients who responded to temozolomide (CR or PR defined as >50% reduction in tumor) were eligible for myeloablative chemotherapy with thiotepa 250mg/m2/day for three days followed by busulfan 3.2mg/kg/day for three days, followed by APBPCR. 1p19q status was analyzed prospectively; however, patients wer...