Project X: Physics Opportunities

Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, PhysicsOpportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physicsprogram that can be achieved with Project X, a staged superconducting linac for intensity-frontier particle physics. Topics include neutrino physics, kaon physics, muon physics, electric dipole moments, neutron- antineutronoscillations, new light particles, hadron structure, hadron spectroscopy, and lattice-QCDcalculations. Part 1 is available as arXiv:1306.5022 [physics.acc-ph] and Part 3 is available as arXiv:1306.5024 [physics.acc-ph].