作业示例(开发者)

介绍不同并行环境的作业示例。

本文档中使用的作业样本可以在/lustre/share/samples中找到。 在继续之前,请阅读有关预置软件环境的文档。

OpenMP 示例

以OpenMP为例,名为omp_hello.c代码如下:

#include <omp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int nthreads, tid;

  /* Fork a team of threads giving them their own copies of variables */
  #pragma omp parallel private(nthreads, tid)
    {

     /* Obtain thread number */
     tid = omp_get_thread_num();
     printf("Hello World from thread = %d\n", tid);

     /* Only master thread does this */
     if (tid == 0)
       {
        nthreads = omp_get_num_threads();
        printf("Number of threads = %d\n", nthreads);
       }

     }  /* All threads join master thread and disband */
}

使用GCC 9.2.0编译

$ module load gcc
$ gcc -fopenmp omp_hello.c -o omphello

在本地运行4线程应用程序

$ export OMP_NUM_THREADS=4 && ./omphello

准备一个名为ompgcc.slurm的作业脚本

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=Hello_OpenMP
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH -n 8
#SBATCH --ntasks-per-node=8

ulimit -l unlimited
ulimit -s unlimited

module load gcc

export OMP_NUM_THREADS=8
./omphello

提交到SLURM

$ sbatch ompgcc.slurm

使用Intel编译器构建OpenMP应用

$ module load intel
$ icc -fopenmp omp_hello.c -o omphello

在本地运行4线程应用程序

$ export OMP_NUM_THREADS=4 && ./omphello

准备一个名为ompicc.slurm的作业脚本

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=Hello_OpenMP
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH -n 8
#SBATCH –-ntasks-per-node=8
ulimit -l unlimited
ulimit -s unlimited

module load intel

export OMP_NUM_THREADS=8
./omphello

提交到SLURM

$ sbatch ompicc.slurm

MPI示例

以mpihello.c为例,代码如下:

#include <mpi.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define MAX_HOSTNAME_LENGTH 256

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int pid;
    char hostname[MAX_HOSTNAME_LENGTH];

    int numprocs;
    int rank;

    int rc;

    /* Initialize MPI. Pass reference to the command line to
     * allow MPI to take any arguments it needs
     */
    rc = MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);

    /* It's always good to check the return values on MPI calls */
    if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "MPI_Init failed\n");
        return 1;
    }

    /* Get the number of processes and the rank of this process */
    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &numprocs);
    MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);

    /* let's see who we are to the "outside world" - what host and what PID */
    gethostname(hostname, MAX_HOSTNAME_LENGTH);
    pid = getpid();

    /* say who we are */
    printf("Rank %d of %d has pid %5d on %s\n", rank, numprocs, pid, hostname);
    fflush(stdout);

    /* allow MPI to clean up after itself */
    MPI_Finalize();
    return 0;
}

使用OpenMPI+GCC编译

$ module load gcc/8.3.0-gcc-4.8.5 openmpi/3.1.5-gcc-9.2.0
$ mpicc mpihello.c -o mpihello

准备一个名为job_openmpi.slurm的作业脚本

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=mpihello
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH -n 80
#SBATCH --ntasks-per-node=40

ulimit -s unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited

module load gcc/8.3.0-gcc-4.8.5 openmpi/3.1.5-gcc-9.2.0

srun --mpi=pmi2 ./mpihello

最后,将作业提交到SLURM

$ sbatch job_openmpi.slurm

使用Intel编译器构建MPI应用

$ module load intel-parallel-studio/cluster.2019.5-intel-19.0.5
$ mpiicc mpihello.c -o mpihello

准备一个名为job_impi.slurm的作业脚本

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=mpihello
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH -n 80
#SBATCH --ntasks-per-node=40

ulimit -s unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited

module load intel-parallel-studio/cluster.2019.5-intel-19.0.5

export I_MPI_PMI_LIBRARY=/usr/lib64/libpmi.so
export I_MPI_FABRICS=shm:ofi

srun ./mpihello

最后,将作业提交到SLURM

$ sbatch -p cpu job_impi.slurm

MPI+OpenMP混合示例

以hybridmpi.c为例,代码如下:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <mpi.h>
#include <omp.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  int numprocs, rank, namelen;
  char processor_name[MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME];
  int iam = 0, np = 1;

  MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
  MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &numprocs);
  MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);
  MPI_Get_processor_name(processor_name, &namelen);

  #pragma omp parallel default(shared) private(iam, np)
  {
    np = omp_get_num_threads();
    iam = omp_get_thread_num();
    printf("Hello from thread %d out of %d from process %d out of %d on %s\n",
           iam, np, rank, numprocs, processor_name);
  }

  MPI_Finalize();
}

使用GCC编译如下:

$ module load gcc/8.3.0-gcc-4.8.5 openmpi/3.1.5-gcc-9.2.0
$ mpicc -O3 -fopenmp hybridmpi.c -o hybridmpi

准备一个名为hybridmpi.slurm的作业脚本

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=HybridMPI
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBAkCH --ntasks-per-node=1
#SBATCH --exclusive
#SBATCH --time=00:01:00

ulimit -s unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited

module load gcc/8.3.0-gcc-4.8.5 openmpi/3.1.5-gcc-9.2.0

export OMP_NUM_THREADS=40
srun --mpi=pmi2 ./hybridmpi

使用ICC编译

$ module load intel-parallel-studio/cluster.2019.5-intel-19.0.5
$ mpiicc -O3 -fopenmp hybridmpi.c -o hybridmpi

准备一个名为hybridmpi.slurm的作业脚本

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=HybridMPI
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH --ntasks-per-node=1
#SBATCH --exclusive
#SBATCH --time=00:01:00

ulimit -s unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited

module load intel-parallel-studio/cluster.2019.5-intel-19.0.5

export I_MPI_DEBUG=5
export I_MPI_PMI_LIBRARY=/usr/lib64/libpmi.so
export I_MPI_FABRICS=shm:ofi

export OMP_NUM_THREADS=40
srun ./hybridmpi

将作业提交到4个计算节点上

$ sbatch -N 4 hybridmpi.slurm

CUDA示例

以cublashello.cu为例,代码如下:

//Example 2. Application Using C and CUBLAS: 0-based indexing
//-----------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include "cublas_v2.h"
#define M 6
#define N 5
#define IDX2C(i,j,ld) (((j)*(ld))+(i))

static __inline__ void modify (cublasHandle_t handle, float *m, int ldm, int n, int p, int q, float alpha, float beta){
    cublasSscal (handle, n-p, &alpha, &m[IDX2C(p,q,ldm)], ldm);
    cublasSscal (handle, ldm-p, &beta, &m[IDX2C(p,q,ldm)], 1);
}

int main (void){
    cudaError_t cudaStat;
    cublasStatus_t stat;
    cublasHandle_t handle;
    int i, j;
    float* devPtrA;
    float* a = 0;
    a = (float *)malloc (M * N * sizeof (*a));
    if (!a) {
        printf ("host memory allocation failed");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
        for (i = 0; i < M; i++) {
            a[IDX2C(i,j,M)] = (float)(i * M + j + 1);
        }
    }
    cudaStat = cudaMalloc ((void**)&devPtrA, M*N*sizeof(*a));
    if (cudaStat != cudaSuccess) {
        printf ("device memory allocation failed");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    stat = cublasCreate(&handle);
    if (stat != CUBLAS_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        printf ("CUBLAS initialization failed\n");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    stat = cublasSetMatrix (M, N, sizeof(*a), a, M, devPtrA, M);
    if (stat != CUBLAS_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        printf ("data download failed");
        cudaFree (devPtrA);
        cublasDestroy(handle);
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    modify (handle, devPtrA, M, N, 1, 2, 16.0f, 12.0f);
    stat = cublasGetMatrix (M, N, sizeof(*a), devPtrA, M, a, M);
    if (stat != CUBLAS_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        printf ("data upload failed");
        cudaFree (devPtrA);
        cublasDestroy(handle);
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    cudaFree (devPtrA);
    cublasDestroy(handle);
    for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
        for (i = 0; i < M; i++) {
            printf ("%7.0f", a[IDX2C(i,j,M)]);
        }
        printf ("\n");
    }
    free(a);
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

使用CUDA编译

$ module load gcc/8.3.0-gcc-4.8.5 cuda/10.1.243-gcc-8.3.0
$ nvcc cublashello.cu -o cublashello -lcublas

作业脚本cublashello.slurm如下:

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=cublas
#SBATCH --partition=dgx2
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH -N 1
#SBATCH --ntasks-per-node=1
#SBATCH --cpus-per-task=6
#SBATCH --gres=gpu:1

ulimit -s unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited

module load gcc/8.3.0-gcc-4.8.5 cuda/10.1.243-gcc-8.3.0

./cublashello

将作业提交到SLURM上的dgx2分区:

$ sbatch cublashello.slurm

通过sbatch运行Intel LINPACK

假如在多节点运行MPI作业,首先准备执行文件并输入数据:

$ cd ~/tmp
$ cp /lustre/usr/samples/LINPACK/64/xhpl_intel64 .
$ cp /lustre/usr/samples/LINPACK/64/HPL.dat .

然后,准备一个的作业脚本linpack.sh。 在此脚本中,我们请求cpu分区上的64个内核,每个节点16个内核。 请注意,MPI作业是通过srun(不是mpirun)启动的。

#!/bin/bash

#SBATCH --job-name=Intel_MPLINPACK
#SBATCH --partition=cpu
#SBATCH --mail-type=end
#SBATCH --mail-user=YOU@EMAIL.COM
#SBATCH --output=%j.out
#SBATCH --error=%j.err
#SBATCH -n 80
#SBATCH --ntasks-per-node=40

ulimit -s unlimited
ulimit -l unlimited

module load intel-parallel-studio/cluster.2019.5-intel-19.0.5

export I_MPI_PMI_LIBRARY=/usr/lib64/libpmi.so
export I_MPI_FABRICS=shm:ofi
export I_MPI_DEBUG=100

srun ./xhpl_intel64

最后,将作业提交到SLURM.

$ sbatch linpack.sh
Submitted batch job 358

我们可以附加到正在运行的任务,并观察其STDOUT和STDERR:

$ sattach 358.0
$ CTRL-C

我们可以查看作业输出文件:

$ tail -f /lustre/home/hpc-jianwen/tmp/358.out

停止工作:

$ scancel 358

最后更新: 2024 年 10 月 14 日